Enter any function f(x) and evaluate it at a point, create a value table, and plot it. Supports sin, cos, tan, log, exp, roots, powers, and composite functions. Ideal for algebra, precalculus, and calculus.

Compute Euler’s totient function φ(n): prime factorization, formula breakdown, list of integers coprime to n, and a table of φ(k) values. Includes step-by-step explanation and number theory notes.

GCF calculator to find the greatest common factor (GCF/GCD) of two or more integers. Shows Euclidean algorithm steps, prime factorization, and common factors table with explanations and FAQ.

Run a t-test online: one-sample, independent two-sample, or paired t-test. Enter your sample data or summary stats to get t-value, degrees of freedom, and p-value (one-tailed or two-tailed), plus formulas and interpretation.

Prime factorization calculator that factors integers into prime powers, shows prime factor trees, divisors, and number-theory statistics. Includes step-by-step explanation and FAQ.

Interactive A* Search Algorithm calculator for efficient pathfinding, ideal for students and professionals in graph theory and computer science.

Euler’s method calculator for solving first-order ODEs y′ = f(x, y) with initial value y(x0) = y0. Supports standard Euler, improved Euler (Heun), step table, optional exact solution and error analysis, plus a simple plot.

Calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between two variables. Paste your X and Y data, get r, r², sample size, regression line, and an interpretation of the strength and direction of the relationship.

Calculate Kendall

Professional confidence interval calculator for means (z/t) and proportions (Wilson, Wald, Agresti–Coull). Mobile-first, WCAG 2.1 AA compliant, and optimized for speed.

Taylor series calculator that builds the Taylor polynomial of a function f(x) around a point a up to degree n. Shows coefficients, polynomial, numerical approximation and error, plus a plot comparing f(x) and its Taylor approximation.

Matrix rank calculator that performs Gaussian elimination to compute the rank, row echelon form, and classification (full rank, singular) of a matrix. Supports custom size, examples, and step-by-step explanations.

Kruskal–Wallis test calculator for comparing 2 or more independent groups. Computes H statistic with tie correction, degrees of freedom, p-value (chi-square approximation), group ranks, and step-by-step explanation.

Compute the volume of a regular tetrahedron from its edge length, or any tetrahedron from base area & height or 3D coordinates of its vertices. Includes formulas, step-by-step explanation and geometric properties.

Free Spearman

Interactive Dijkstra

Interactive Diffie–Hellman key exchange calculator. Choose a small prime and generator, set Alice and Bob

Free online matrix inverse calculator. Invert 2×2, 3×3, 4×4 and larger matrices, see the determinant, check if a matrix is singular, and learn the theory behind matrix inversion.

Interactive Affine Cipher Calculator for encoding and decoding text using the Affine cipher, a popular cryptography technique.

Free online probability calculator. Compute probabilities of single events, combined independent events (AND, OR, exactly one) and binomial probabilities, with clear step-by-step explanations.

Free long division calculator with full step-by-step working. Divide positive integers, see the quotient, remainder and each step of the long division algorithm explained clearly.

Interactive graph degree calculator. Paste an edge list to compute vertex degrees, degree sequence, isolated and pendant vertices, and check the handshake lemma for undirected or directed graphs.

Free ratio calculator: simplify a:b, compute equivalent ratios, solve proportions a:b = c:d, and scale amounts to a new total. Step-by-step explanation of ratios, fractions and percentages.

Explore the Collatz conjecture (3x+1 problem) with an interactive calculator. Generate hailstone sequences, visualize trajectories, and compute stopping times and maximum values for any starting integer.

Root calculator for square roots, cube roots, and general nth roots. Enter any real number and index, check domain conditions, and see simplified radical form plus decimal approximation.

Free parabola calculator. Convert between y = ax² + bx + c, vertex form, 3-point form, and focus-directrix. Get vertex, focus, directrix, axis of symmetry, roots and discriminant.

Interactive number theory toolbox: prime checker, integer factorization, divisors, Euler’s totient, Möbius function, GCD/LCM, Bézout coefficients and modular arithmetic (reduction & inverses).

Interactive graphing calculator for plotting up to three functions of x. Set custom x/y ranges, zoom and pan, and visualize curves for algebra, trigonometry and calculus.

Cross-correlation calculator for two time series. Paste your data, compute correlation by lag, find the maximum correlation and its lag, and get the zero-lag Pearson correlation coefficient.

Calculate the volume of a regular dodecahedron from its edge length or volume. Includes exact formula, step-by-step example, and unit conversion for m, cm, mm, in, ft, and yd.

Central limit theorem calculator for the sampling distribution of the mean. Compute probabilities for sample means, margin of error, and required sample size with step-by-step CLT explanations.

Calculate the magic number for your baseball team effortlessly. Enhance your team

Slope calculator for lines: compute slope from two points, rise and run, angle, or percent grade. Get line slope, angle in degrees, and grade with step-by-step formulas.

Fraction calculator to add, subtract, multiply, divide, simplify fractions, convert to mixed numbers, decimals and percent. Supports inputs like 3/4, 2 1/2, 0.75. Includes fraction rules and FAQ.

Pyramid volume calculator: compute the volume of a pyramid from base length and width, square base side, or base area and height. Supports metric and imperial units with formulas and step-by-step explanation.

Calculate probability from favourable outcomes, combine independent or mutually exclusive events, and compute binomial probabilities. Step-by-step formulas, examples and explanations.

Free statistics calculator that computes mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation, range and more from a list of numbers. Supports sample and population statistics, with formulas and step-by-step explanation.

Hyperbolic functions calculator: compute sinh, cosh, tanh, coth, sech, csch for real x in radians or degrees. Includes exponential definitions, identities, and step-by-step explanation.

Convert spherical coordinates to Cartesian (x, y, z). Supports math and physics conventions, degrees/radians, and shows formulas. Precise tool for engineering, math and 3D applications.

Square calculator for algebra and geometry. Compute x² and √x, plus area, perimeter, diagonal and side of a square from any known value. Includes formulas, diagrams and step-by-step explanation.

Percent error calculator to compare experimental vs true values. Compute percent error, absolute and relative error, or solve for experimental and true values.

Free online roots calculator. Calculate nth roots (square root, cube root), solve quadratic and cubic equations. Step-by-step solutions with formulas and examples.

Free logarithm calculator. Compute log base 10, natural log (ln), and log with any base. Supports change-of-base formula, evaluates log equations, shows steps and common log values.

Solve first-order ordinary differential equations using the classical 4th order Runge-Kutta (RK4) method. Enter dy/dx = f(x, y), initial value y(x0), step size, and number of steps to get a detailed solution table.

Algebra calculator to solve linear equations, quadratic equations, and 2×2 systems of equations, and to evaluate polynomials step-by-step. Ideal for students and professionals.

Complex number calculator to add, subtract, multiply and divide complex numbers, compute magnitude, argument and conjugate, and convert between rectangular and polar form.

Create an adjacency list for a graph from edge lists. Supports directed/undirected, weighted edges, and conversion to adjacency matrix and JSON. Perfect for data structures, algorithms, and graph modeling.

Ellipsoid volume calculator using V = 4/3 · π · a · b · c. Compute volume from semi-axes or diameters, or solve for an axis given the volume, with unit-aware results.

Parallelogram area calculator using base and height, sides and included angle, or vertex coordinates. Includes inverse mode to solve for base or height, formula explanations, and step-by-step workings.

One-way ANOVA calculator for comparing means across multiple groups. Enter raw data, get group means, F statistic, p-value, effect size, and a full ANOVA table with step-by-step explanation.

Significant figures calculator to count sig figs, round to N significant figures, and apply sig fig rules in multiplication, division, addition and subtraction. Includes detailed rules, examples, and step-by-step explanations.

Compute the modular multiplicative inverse of an integer modulo m using the extended Euclidean algorithm. Step-by-step explanation, verification and worked examples for cryptography and number theory.

A/B test significance calculator for conversion experiments. Enter visitors and conversions for variants A and B to get z-score, p-value, uplift and a 95% confidence interval, with clear interpretation and statistical caveats.

Find the mode, mean, median, and range of any set of numbers. Our calculator provides a step-by-step solution showing how each value is calculated.

Compute the covariance matrix and correlation matrix from raw multivariate data. Supports sample and population covariance, summary statistics and PCA-ready outputs for statistics, data science and finance.

Compute the QR decomposition of a real matrix using Gram–Schmidt orthogonalization. Get orthonormal Q, upper triangular R, and diagnostic checks A ≈ QR and QᵀQ ≈ I for linear algebra, least squares and numerical methods.

Compute the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of a real time-domain signal. Get complex FFT coefficients, magnitude and phase spectra, and frequency bins from your sampling rate for signal processing, vibration, and audio analysis.

Find the statistical range of a data set. Our calculator instantly finds the maximum, minimum, and range from a list of numbers. Includes step-by-step calculations.

Analyze Boolean algebra expressions: parse logic formulas, detect variables, generate full truth tables, evaluate for custom assignments, and derive canonical sum-of-products and product-of-sums forms for digital logic design.

Compute quartiles (Q1, median, Q3), interquartile range (IQR) and outliers from a dataset. Supports Tukey and inclusive (Excel-style) quartiles, with step-by-step explanations and examples.

Work with quaternions for 3D rotations and algebra: add, subtract, multiply, normalize, invert, build rotation quaternions from axis–angle, and rotate 3D vectors with an interactive 3D visualization. Ideal for graphics, robotics and game development.

Linear transformation calculator with 2×2 and 3×3 matrices. Map vectors with A·v, compute determinant and trace, classify the effect, and see an interactive 2D visualisation of how a matrix transforms the plane.

Euler

Permutation and combination calculator. Compute nPr and nCr, with and without repetition, see the exact count, factorial formula breakdown, and plain-language interpretation. Ideal for probability, statistics, and exam preparation.

Remainder calculator for integer division. Enter dividend and divisor to get quotient and remainder, check a = b·q + r, and compare Euclidean remainder with programming-style remainder for negative numbers.

Experiment with RSA encryption and decryption in your browser. Generate a demo key pair, see n, e, d, encrypt a message with the public key, and decrypt it with the private key. Includes step-by-step explanation of the RSA algorithm.

Basic arithmetic calculator for adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing numbers. Supports whole numbers, decimals, negative values, and full expressions with order of operations, plus step-by-step explanations.

Kite area calculator that finds the area of a kite from its diagonals or from side lengths and included angle. Includes formulas, step-by-step examples, and geometry notes for students and engineers.

Standard form calculator that converts numbers to and from scientific notation a × 10ⁿ. Handles large and small numbers, significant figures, and gives step-by-step explanations and examples.

Free percentage calculator to solve every percent problem: what is X% of Y, X is what percent of Y, percentage increase/decrease, and add/subtract a percent. Fast, mobile-friendly, with formulas and worked examples.

A 2-in-1 tool. Calculate the Fibonacci sequence (nth number, list) and the Golden Ratio, or calculate Fibonacci retracement and extension levels for finance.

Instantly find the axis of symmetry for a parabola. Our calculator handles standard, vertex, and intercept forms. Shows the formula and step-by-step work.

Use this percent error calculator to compare your measured value with the true value. Get absolute and signed percent error, absolute error and relative error, with step-by-step working and examples.

Cohen’s d calculator for effect size between two means. Supports independent samples, one-sample and paired designs, with pooled SD, Hedges’ g, interpretation (small, medium, large), and step-by-step working.

G-test (likelihood-ratio) calculator for categorical data. Compute G statistic, degrees of freedom and p-value for goodness-of-fit and contingency tables, with step-by-step explanation and assumptions.

FOIL method calculator to expand binomials (ax + b)(cx + d) and factor quadratics ax² + bx + c. Step-by-step First–Outer–Inner–Last working, simplified result, and algebra explanations.

Interactive adjacency matrix calculator for graphs. Build adjacency matrices from edge lists, switch between directed/undirected and weighted/unweighted graphs, compute degrees, edges, density and adjacency lists with step-by-step explanations.

Speed, distance, time calculator with unit conversion. Solve for speed, distance or time using S = D/T, convert between km/h, m/s, mph and knots, and compute average speed for multi-leg trips.

Friedman test calculator for repeated-measures designs. Enter raw data or rank sums, get Friedman chi-square, p-value, Kendall’s W effect size, and a clear step-by-step explanation.

Interactive Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) calculator. Enter city coordinates or a distance matrix, run an exact Held–Karp solver for small instances or a nearest-neighbor + 2-opt heuristic for larger ones, and visualize the optimal tour and total distance.

Generate a stem and leaf plot in seconds. Paste your data, choose integer or 1-decimal mode, optionally split stems (0–4 / 5–9), and get an ordered stem-and-leaf display with summary statistics.

Interactive bisection method calculator. Enter f(x), an interval [a, b], tolerance, and max iterations. Check the sign-change condition, see the iteration table, and understand how the bisection method converges to a root of f(x) = 0.

Run Monte Carlo simulations directly in your browser. Choose a distribution (normal, uniform, triangular, custom discrete), set number of runs, and estimate mean, percentiles, and probability of exceeding a threshold.

Lottery odds calculator for single-drum and bonus-ball lotteries. Enter game parameters and get exact odds for matching 0 to all numbers, jackpot probability, and “1 in X” chances.

Dot product calculator for 2D, 3D and n-dimensional vectors. Compute scalar product, vector lengths, angle between vectors, and projection, with step-by-step expansion.

Matrix determinant calculator for 2×2, 3×3 and general n×n matrices. Enter values, compute det(A), see row-operation steps, and check if a matrix is singular or invertible.

Partial fraction decomposition calculator for rational functions. Enter a numerator polynomial and a factored denominator, perform long division if needed, and get the exact partial fraction form with step-by-step working.

Trapezoid area calculator with multiple methods. Compute area from bases and height, isosceles trapezoid sides, or coordinates of vertices. Get perimeter, midsegment, height and step-by-step formulas.

Combination and permutation calculator that computes nCr and nPr with and without repetition. Enter n and r to get exact values, step-by-step formulas, and explanations.

Torus volume calculator for donut-shaped solids. Compute volume from major/minor radii or inner/outer radius, with 2π²Rr² formula, unit conversions, examples, and FAQ.

Matrix transpose calculator that computes Aᵀ for any m×n matrix. Supports custom size, random fill, copying result back, and LaTeX output with step-by-step explanation of the transpose operation.

Surface area calculator for common 3D shapes: box, cube, sphere, cylinder, cone, triangular prism. Enter dimensions in mm, cm, m, inches, or feet and get total surface area with formulas and step-by-step explanation.

Modular exponentiation calculator for a^b mod m using fast binary exponentiation. Handles very large integers with BigInt, shows step-by-step square-and-multiply for smaller exponents, and explains modular arithmetic for cryptography and number theory.

Right triangle calculator that solves sides, angles, area and perimeter. Enter any two of a, b, c, α, β and get a complete solution using Pythagorean theorem and trigonometry, with clear formulas and explanations.

Binary converter and tutorial on the binary number system. Convert between binary, decimal, hexadecimal and octal, plus text ⇄ binary (ASCII/UTF-8) with clean examples and explanations.

Find the formula, next terms, and sum of a number sequence. Our calculator automatically detects arithmetic, geometric, and quadratic sequences.

Logarithm calculator that computes log, ln, and log10 in any base, with change-of-base steps, domain checks, and inverse b^x values. Ideal for algebra, calculus, and engineering.

Inverse hyperbolic functions calculator for asinh, acosh, atanh, asech, acsch, and acoth with domain checks, exact ln formulas, and step-by-step working for calculus and engineering.

Polynomial calculator that lets you define polynomials up to 6th degree, evaluate f(x), compute derivatives, and approximate real roots with domain checks and step-by-step working.

Circular sector area calculator: compute area from radius and angle (degrees or radians), plus arc length and perimeter, or solve for radius or angle from area with clear formulas.

2×2 game theory matrix calculator: enter payoffs for two players, find pure-strategy Nash equilibria, dominant strategies, and mixed-strategy equilibrium with step-by-step explanation.

Set operations calculator: enter finite sets (A, B, and an optional universal set U) and compute union, intersection, difference, symmetric difference, complements, cardinalities, and probability-style ratios with clear notation.

Use this arithmetic sequence calculator to find the nth term, common difference, and sum of a sequence. Supports step-by-step formulas, examples, and sequence preview.

Calculate the square root or any nth root of a number. Our tool provides a decimal result and shows the step-by-step simplification of the radical.

Modular arithmetic calculator: compute a mod n, modular addition, subtraction, multiplication, and exponentiation. Handles negative numbers, shows working steps, and explains congruences.

Free equation solver that handles linear, quadratic and polynomial equations, plus 2×2 and 3×3 systems. Step-by-step solutions and a numeric solver for f(x)=0.

Free circular segment area calculator. Compute the area of a circular segment from radius and height, radius and angle, or radius and chord. Shows formulas, diagrams explanation, and step-by-step results.

Interactive trig identity explorer and cheat sheet. Browse core trigonometric identities and numerically verify your own identities with a trig identity checker.

Interactive hyperbolic function calculator and visual guide. Evaluate sinh, cosh, tanh and their inverses, see definitions in terms of exponentials, key identities, and a quick reference table.

Interactive linear algebra toolbox. Enter a 2×2, 3×3, or 4×4 matrix to compute determinant, rank, trace, inverse (if it exists), and solve Ax = b. Includes a concise linear algebra guide and FAQ.

Trapezoidal rule calculator for numerical integration. Approximate definite integrals from a function f(x) or from data points, see step size, composite formula, grid table, and interpretation.

Perfect number calculator that checks if a positive integer is perfect, abundant, or deficient. Lists proper divisors, divisor sum, and shows known perfect numbers and their properties.

Chinese remainder theorem calculator. Solve systems of congruences x ≡ ai (mod mi), detect incompatibilities, and see step-by-step CRT construction and modulus.

Explore set theory with an interactive calculator for union, intersection, difference and Cartesian products. Learn notation, laws, examples and applications in math and computer science.

Free base converter to convert numbers between any base from 2 to 36. Supports binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal and custom bases, with step-by-step explanation of number base conversion.

Convert inequalities and endpoints to interval notation, visualize intervals on a number line, and learn open, closed, and infinite intervals step by step.

Free Pythagorean theorem calculator. Find the hypotenuse or a leg of a right triangle, see step-by-step work, formulas, area and perimeter, plus real-world examples.

Factor any quadratic polynomial (Ax² + Bx + C) instantly. Our calculator also finds all factors and prime factors of any integer, showing step-by-step solutions for algebra.

Interactive convolution calculator. Compute discrete convolution of two sequences, see step-by-step sums, and learn the intuition behind convolution in signals, probability, and deep learning.

Dice probability calculator for one or many dice. Compute the chance of rolling an exact sum, at least / at most a value, or a number of successes. Shows exact probabilities, odds, and step-by-step logic.

Continued fraction calculator for real and rational numbers. Convert decimals and fractions to simple continued fractions, compute convergents, and get best rational approximations step-by-step.

Exponent calculator for base-a to the power of b. Compute powers, handle negative and fractional exponents, and get results in standard and scientific notation with step-by-step interpretation.

Interactive Laplace transform calculator for common functions: exponentials, powers, sine, cosine, damped sinusoids, step shifts and impulses. See formulas in LaTeX, region of convergence (ROC) and numeric evaluation.

Prime number calculator to test if a number is prime, factor composite numbers, and list primes in a range. Includes definitions, properties, and number theory FAQs.

Grade calculator to compute percentage and letter grades from points or weighted categories. Supports points-based and weighted averages with clear formulas and examples.

Euclidean algorithm calculator to compute the greatest common divisor (GCD), show step-by-step divisions, and run the extended Euclidean algorithm with Bézout coefficients and modular inverses.

Vector calculator to compute magnitude, direction, dot and cross product, angle between vectors, and projections in 2D and 3D. Includes step-by-step formulas, checks for parallel and perpendicular vectors, and worked examples.

Modulo calculator to compute a mod n, return the remainder of integer division, handle negative numbers, and check modular congruence. Includes batch tables and step-by-step explanation.

Interactive Newton

Interactive linear programming calculator using the simplex method. Enter an LP in standard form, see each simplex iteration, and get the optimal solution or an infeasibility/unboundedness diagnosis.

Polygon calculator for regular and irregular polygons. Compute area, perimeter, apothem, circumradius and interior angles for regular polygons, or use coordinates to find the area of any simple polygon.

Bayesian inference calculator for binomial data. Combine a Beta prior with observed successes and trials to compute the posterior Beta distribution, posterior mean, and an approximate credible interval.

Interactive Bayes

Interactive Gram–Schmidt orthonormalization calculator. Enter vectors in Rⁿ, run the Gram–Schmidt process, and get orthogonal and orthonormal bases with step-by-step linear algebra explanations.

Calculate combinations C(n,k) and permutations P(n,k) with or without repetition. Our 4-in-1 calculator provides all results with step-by-step formulas.

Annulus (ring) area calculator with multiple input modes: inner/outer radius, diameters, or outer radius and thickness. Get ring area, circle areas, and an equivalent rectangle, with clear formulas and step-by-step explanation.

Interactive truth table generator for propositional logic. Enter one or more Boolean expressions, use AND, OR, NOT, →, ↔, XOR and parentheses, and get a full truth table with clear syntax rules and explanations.

Calculate the arithmetic mean (average), median, mode, range, and standard deviation of any data set. Includes a step-by-step solution for all calculations.