IP Address Subnet Calculator
This tool is designed for network professionals to help calculate subnets and CIDR blocks with precision. Whether you are assigning IP ranges or managing a network, this calculator provides accuracy and efficiency in subnet calculations.
Subnet Calculator
Results
Data Source and Methodology
All calculations are based on standard subnetting practices as outlined in authoritative networking literature. Please refer to the IETF RFC 4632 for detailed specifications on IP addressing and subnetting. All calculations are strictly based on the formulas and data provided by this source.
The Formula Explained
The subnet calculator uses the following formulas to determine network parameters:
Network Address: \( \text{IP} \& \text{Subnet Mask} \)
Broadcast Address: \( \text{Network Address} \mid \sim \text{Subnet Mask} \)
Number of Hosts: \( 2^{(32 - \text{Prefix Length})} - 2 \)
Glossary of Variables
- IP Address: The unique number that identifies devices on a network.
- Subnet Mask: A 32-bit number that divides the IP address into network and host portions.
- Network Address: The first address in a subnet.
- Broadcast Address: The last address in a subnet used to send data to all devices.
- Number of Hosts: The total number of usable addresses in a subnet.
How It Works: A Step-by-Step Example
Let's assume an IP address of 192.168.1.1 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. The calculator processes these as follows:
- Convert IP address and subnet mask to binary.
- Perform bitwise AND operation to find the Network Address.
- Perform bitwise OR operation with the inverted subnet mask to find the Broadcast Address.
- Calculate the number of hosts using the formula \( 2^{(32 - \text{Prefix Length})} - 2 \).
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is a subnet mask?
A subnet mask is a 32-bit number that divides an IP address into network and host portions.
How do I calculate the number of hosts in a subnet?
The number of hosts is calculated as \( 2^{(32 - \text{Prefix Length})} - 2 \).
What is the network address?
The network address is the first address in a subnet that identifies the network itself.
What is the broadcast address?
The broadcast address is the last address in a subnet used to send data to all devices within the subnet.
Can this calculator handle IPv6?
This calculator is designed for IPv4. For IPv6, different tools are required due to its different structure and addressing scheme.