Data Source and Methodology
Authoritative data: Ohio Department of Taxation — “Annual Tax Rates” (Individual), latest publication, available at tax.ohio.gov/individual/file-now/annual-tax-rates.
Personal exemption amounts reference: Ohio Department of Taxation — individual income tax guidance and instructions.
Tutti i calcoli si basano rigorosamente sulle formule e sui dati forniti da questa fonte.
The Formula Explained
Given annual gross income G, pretax percent p, pretax fixed F, exemptions count n, per-exemption amount E, municipal rate r_m, school rate r_s:
Ohio AGI (after pretax): \( \mathrm{AGI}_{OH} = \max\{0,\, G - (p/100)\cdot G - F \} \)
Exemptions deduction: \( D = n \cdot E(\mathrm{AGI}_{OH}) \)
Ohio taxable income: \( T = \max\{0,\, \mathrm{AGI}_{OH} - D \} \)
State tax using bracket i with threshold a_i, base tax b_i, and marginal rate r_i:
\( \mathrm{Tax}_{state} = \begin{cases} 0, & T \le a_1 \\ b_i + r_i \cdot (T - a_i), & a_i < T \le a_{i+1} \end{cases} \)
Municipal tax: \( \mathrm{Tax}_{muni} = r_m/100 \cdot T \)
School district tax: \( \mathrm{Tax}_{school} = r_s/100 \cdot T \)
Total Ohio taxes: \( \mathrm{Tax}_{total} = \mathrm{Tax}_{state} + \mathrm{Tax}_{muni} + \mathrm{Tax}_{school} \)
Net income: \( \mathrm{Net} = G - (p/100)\cdot G - F - \mathrm{Tax}_{total} \)
Glossary of Variables
- Annual gross income (G): Total earnings before any taxes or deductions.
- Pretax deductions (p, F): Percent and fixed amounts deducted before tax (e.g., 401(k), HSA).
- Ohio AGI: Gross income minus pretax deductions.
- Personal exemptions (n): Count of exemptions; the per-exemption value E depends on Ohio AGI.
- Ohio taxable income (T): Income subject to state and local calculations after exemptions.
- Municipal rate (r_m): Local city income tax percentage, if applicable.
- School district rate (r_s): Local district income tax percentage, if applicable.
- Effective state tax rate: State tax divided by Ohio taxable income.
How It Works: A Step-by-Step Example
Scenario. Tax year 2024, Single, G = $65,000; pretax: p = 5%, F = $0; exemptions n = 1; municipal r_m = 2%; school r_s = 0%.
- Ohio AGI: AGI_OH = 65,000 − 0.05·65,000 = 61,750.
- Exemption amount E(AGI_OH): assume $2,050 per exemption at this AGI; D = 1 × 2,050 = 2,050.
- Taxable income: T = 61,750 − 2,050 = 59,700.
- Apply brackets: falls in the 3.226% band. Compute state tax = base + 0.03226 · (59,700 − 46,100).
- Municipal tax: 2% · 59,700 = 1,194.
- Total and net: sum state + municipal; Net = G − pretax − total taxes.
Your live results panel mirrors these steps in real time.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Which incomes are taxed by Ohio?
Ohio taxes most earned income and certain investment income. State-specific adjustments may apply. Refer to the Ohio Department of Taxation instructions for precise inclusions and exclusions.
Do Ohio tax brackets depend on filing status?
No. Ohio uses the same bracket thresholds and rates regardless of filing status. However, personal exemptions and credits can affect your result.
How do I find my municipal and school district rates?
Municipal rates are typically published on your city’s website. School district rates are available through your local district or the Ohio Department of Taxation.
Are personal exemptions included?
Yes. Enter how many exemptions you claim. The tool estimates the per-exemption amount based on your Ohio AGI.
Is this calculator accurate for unique situations?
It provides high-quality estimates, but special adjustments, credits, or residency situations can change outcomes. Always verify with official instructions or a tax professional.
Can I use this for paychecks?
You can divide annual results by pay periods for a rough estimate. For paycheck-specific withholding, use a paycheck-focused calculator or your payroll provider’s tool.
How often are rates updated?
We monitor official Ohio releases and update promptly after publication. See the “Last reviewed” date below.