How the conversion works
Definition: 1 eV is the energy gained by an electron when it is accelerated through an electric potential difference of 1 volt.
Since the elementary charge is exactly e = 1.602176634×10⁻¹⁹ C, and 1 V × 1 C = 1 J, we get:
1 eV = 1.602176634×10⁻¹⁹ J (exact)
So, generally:
J = eV × 1.602176634×10⁻¹⁹
eV = J ÷ 1.602176634×10⁻¹⁹
Why use eV?
In atomic, nuclear, and high-energy physics, energies are tiny in SI, so eV, keV, MeV, GeV are more readable than writing 10⁻¹³ J everywhere.
FAQ
1. Is this value exact?
Yes. Since 2019 the elementary charge is an exact constant in SI, so 1 eV in joules is exact too.
2. What about kJ/mol conversions?
That’s a chemistry-style conversion using Avogadro’s number. This page focuses on the pure eV ⇄ J physics conversion, but you can derive it: 1 eV × Nₐ ≈ 96.485 kJ/mol.
3. Which one should I report in a lab report?
Use joules for SI purity, but it’s perfectly acceptable to give results in eV/keV/MeV and mention the exact factor used.