Blasting Vibration Calculator

Estimate peak particle velocity (PPV), scaled distance and safe maximum charge per delay for blasting vibration control in mining, quarrying and construction.

1) Predict Peak Particle Velocity (PPV)

Use an empirical relationship of the form PPV = K · (D / Wn)-b to estimate vibration at a given distance.

Typical range 300–1500 (mm/s).

Commonly 0.5 for surface blasting.

Typical range 1.3–1.8.

Example: 12.7 mm/s ≈ 0.5 in/s.

How the Blasting Vibration Calculator Works

Blasting vibration at a given location is commonly estimated using empirical relationships derived from monitored blasts. A widely used form is:

PPV prediction formula

\( \text{PPV} = K \left( \dfrac{D}{W^n} \right)^{-b} \)

  • PPV – peak particle velocity (mm/s or in/s)
  • D – distance from blast to point of interest (m)
  • W – maximum charge weight per delay (kg)
  • n – charge weight exponent (often 0.5 for surface blasting)
  • b – attenuation exponent (typically 1.3–1.8)
  • K – site constant (depends on geology, confinement, etc.)

The calculator lets you:

  • Predict PPV at a given distance and charge weight.
  • Back-calculate the maximum allowable charge per delay for a PPV limit.
  • Estimate the minimum distance required for a given charge and PPV limit.

Scaled Distance

The scaled distance combines distance and charge weight into a single parameter:

\( SD = \dfrac{D}{W^n} \)

where D is in meters and W in kilograms in this implementation.

Many standards and research papers present vibration data as PPV versus scaled distance on log–log plots. Once you have a site-specific regression, you can plug the resulting K, n and b into this tool.

Typical Parameter Ranges (for Guidance Only)

  • Surface quarry blasts: K ≈ 300–1500, n ≈ 0.5, b ≈ 1.3–1.8
  • Underground blasts: often lower K (more confinement) and different exponents
  • Residential damage criteria: many guidelines use limits around 12.5–50 mm/s (0.5–2 in/s) depending on frequency and structure type

These ranges are indicative only. Always use values derived from your own monitored data and the applicable standard (e.g. USBM RI 8507, DIN 4150, BS 7385, project-specific criteria).

Limitations and Good Practice

  • Empirical formulas are site-specific; do not transfer constants between sites without validation.
  • PPV alone does not capture all aspects of potential damage (frequency content, number of events, structural response).
  • Use conservative assumptions and safety factors when planning initial blasts.
  • Install calibrated seismographs at critical receptors and refine your constants as data accumulates.

Disclaimer

This blasting vibration calculator is provided for educational and preliminary planning purposes only. It does not replace detailed design, regulatory requirements, or professional engineering judgment. Always follow the relevant codes, standards, permits and the instructions of the authority having jurisdiction.

Blasting Vibration – Frequently Asked Questions

What is blasting vibration?

Blasting vibration is the ground motion generated when explosive charges detonate in rock or soil. It propagates as seismic waves and is typically measured as peak particle velocity (PPV) in mm/s or in/s. Monitoring PPV at nearby structures helps assess the risk of cosmetic or structural damage and manage community concerns.

Where do the K, n and b parameters come from?

K, n and b are obtained by fitting a regression line to monitored blast data plotted as log(PPV) versus log(D / Wⁿ). Most operations collect vibration records from a series of blasts, then perform a least-squares fit to derive site-specific constants. Published values from the literature can be used as a starting point but should be replaced by local data as soon as possible.

Can I mix metric and imperial units?

Yes. You can enter distance in meters or feet, charge in kilograms or pounds, and PPV in mm/s or in/s. The calculator converts everything internally to a consistent metric basis (meters, kilograms, mm/s), performs the calculations, and then converts back to your chosen output units.

Does a low PPV guarantee no damage?

No. PPV-based criteria are widely used and correlate reasonably well with damage risk, but they are not perfect. Very low-frequency motions, repeated loading, pre-existing defects, and sensitive equipment can all influence actual performance. Always consider the full context, including structural condition, frequency content and the applicable standard or guideline.