Is it better to use APR or Money Factor for leases?

Leases are quoted with a Money Factor (MF). You can convert APR to MF by dividing APR% by 2400. The calculator supports both.

What is residual value and who sets it?

Residual value is the vehicle’s expected value at lease end and is set by the lessor (often aligned to third-party guides). It is usually a percentage of MSRP.

What fees are included in the lease calculation?

Typical fees include the acquisition fee, documentation, title/registration, and any dealer-installed options. Acquisition and some fees can be capitalized or paid upfront.

How are taxes applied in a lease?

Tax treatment varies by state: on each monthly payment, upfront on total of payments, or on the vehicle price or capitalization cost. Select the method that matches your state’s rules.

What counts as cap cost reduction?

Down payment, rebates, and trade-in credit are common cap cost reductions. They reduce the adjusted capitalized cost and monthly payment but may not lower the total cost proportionally.

Does a higher mileage allowance change my payment?

Higher mileage typically lowers residual value, which increases the depreciation portion of the payment. This calculator lets you input the residual directly.

What is due at signing?

Usually the first monthly payment, any upfront taxes, upfront fees that are not capitalized, and the down payment minus trade-in credits.

Auto Lease Calculator

This professional-grade auto lease calculator helps shoppers and finance pros estimate monthly payments, taxes, due at signing, and total lease cost with clarity. It is designed for accuracy, accessibility, and speed across devices.

Lease Inputs

MSRP

Negotiated Price (Cap Cost)

Term (months)

Residual Value (%)

Finance Input Choose APR or Money Factor

APR (%)

Money Factor

APR / MF Value

Down Payment (Cap Reduction)

Trade-in Credit

Acquisition Fee

Capitalize acquisition fee

Checked = financed into monthly payment; unchecked = paid upfront.

Other Financed Fees (capitalized)

Upfront Fees (paid at signing)

Sales Tax Rate

Tax Treatment

Tax each monthly payment

Tax upfront on total of payments

Tax vehicle price upfront

This selector exists because U.S. states apply lease sales tax differently.

Results

All values are estimates. Taxes and fees vary by jurisdiction and contract.

Monthly Payment (before tax) $0.00

Sales Tax (monthly) $0.00

Monthly Payment (with tax) $0.00

Due at Signing (est.) $0.00

Total of Monthly Payments $0.00

Total Lease Cost (all-in) $0.00

Depreciation Portion (total) $0.00

Finance Charge Portion (total) $0.00

Adjusted Cap Cost $0.00

Residual Value $0.00

Effective Monthly Cost $0.00

Data Source and Methodology

Authoritative reference: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Regulation M — Consumer Leasing (12 CFR Part 1013), current version as of 2024. Direct link: https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/. This regulation defines leasing terminology and disclosure standards used across the industry.

Supporting industry convention for conversion between APR and Money Factor: APR% = MF × 2400, widely adopted by U.S. captive finance companies and dealers.

Tutti i calcoli si basano rigorosamente sulle formule e sui dati forniti da questa fonte.

The Formula Explained

Display formulas (LaTeX):

Adjusted Cap Cost:
\[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \]

Residual Value:
\[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \]

Monthly Depreciation Charge:
\[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \]

Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge:
\[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \]

Base Monthly (pre-tax):
\[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \]

Sales Tax (by method):
Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \]

Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]

Variables: P_sell (negotiated price), F_cap (capitalized fees), R_cap (cap reductions), r_res (residual %), n (term), MF (money factor), t (tax rate as decimal).

Glossary of Variables

MSRP — Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price (used for residual calculation).
Negotiated Price (Cap Cost) — The agreed selling price before reductions and fees.
Residual (%) — Residual percentage applied to MSRP to compute lease-end value.
Money Factor (MF) — Lease finance rate per month. APR% = MF × 2400.
Adjusted Cap Cost — Financed amount after adding capitalized fees and subtracting cap reductions.
Depreciation Charge — Portion paying the difference between adjusted cap cost and residual.
Finance (Rent) Charge — Interest-like charge based on adjusted cap cost and residual.
Sales Tax — Applied per state rules (monthly, upfront on total payments, or upfront on price).
Monthly Payment (with/without tax) — Customer payment each month.
Due at Signing — First payment, upfront taxes, upfront fees, plus down payment minus trade credit.
Total Lease Cost — All payments, taxes, and upfront amounts combined.
Effective Monthly — Total lease cost divided by term.

Worked Example

How It Works: A Step-by-Step Example

Inputs: MSRP $40,000; Negotiated Price $37,000; Term 36 months; Residual 60%; Money Factor 0.0020 (≈ 4.8% APR); Acquisition Fee $650 (capitalized); Down Payment $2,000; Other financed fees $0; Upfront fees $0; Tax 8% on monthly payment.

Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650

Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000

Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39

Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = $119.30

Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69

Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66

Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35

Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

Note: Actual taxes and fees depend on your state and contract. This example assumes monthly-taxed state and capitalized acquisition fee.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How do I convert APR to Money Factor?

Use MF = APR% ÷ 2400. Example: 4.8% APR → 0.0020 MF.

Is residual based on MSRP or negotiated price?

Typically on MSRP. Your contract specifies the residual value and basis.

What drives a lower monthly payment?

Higher residual, lower money factor, lower adjusted cap cost (via discounts or cap reductions), and longer term (though longer term may increase total cost).

Should I put money down on a lease?

Down payments lower monthly payments but don’t always reduce total cost proportionally. Consider risk (e.g., total loss) and whether the lender reimburses upfront payments.

Why doesn’t my dealer quote match exactly?

State-specific taxes, fees, residual granularity, official MF, and rounding policies can cause differences. Use the same inputs and method to align.

What is “acquisition fee” and can I finance it?

It’s the lessor’s administrative fee. You can usually capitalize it (finance) or pay it upfront.

Does mileage affect residual?

Yes. Higher mileage allowances often reduce the residual percentage, increasing payments.

Audit: Complete

Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units

This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[','\]

','

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]

C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]

V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]

D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]

F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]

M_{\text{base}} = D + F

Formula (extracted text)

Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]

Formula (extracted text)

Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the exact formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the exact formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the exact formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = $119.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

Variables and units

T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)

Sources (authoritative):

https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans

Changelog

Version: 0.1.0-draft
Last code update: 2026-01-19

0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19

Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.

Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19
Profile · LinkedIn

Auto Lease Calculator

Lease Inputs

MSRP

Negotiated Price (Cap Cost)

Term (months)

Residual Value (%)

Finance Input Choose APR or Money Factor

APR (%)

Money Factor

APR / MF Value

Down Payment (Cap Reduction)

Trade-in Credit

Acquisition Fee

Capitalize acquisition fee

Checked = financed into monthly payment; unchecked = paid upfront.

Other Financed Fees (capitalized)

Upfront Fees (paid at signing)

Sales Tax Rate

Tax Treatment

Tax each monthly payment

Tax upfront on total of payments

Tax vehicle price upfront

This selector exists because U.S. states apply lease sales tax differently.

Results

All values are estimates. Taxes and fees vary by jurisdiction and contract.

Monthly Payment (before tax) $0.00

Sales Tax (monthly) $0.00

Monthly Payment (with tax) $0.00

Due at Signing (est.) $0.00

Total of Monthly Payments $0.00

Total Lease Cost (all-in) $0.00

Depreciation Portion (total) $0.00

Finance Charge Portion (total) $0.00

Adjusted Cap Cost $0.00

Residual Value $0.00

Effective Monthly Cost $0.00

Data Source and Methodology

Supporting industry convention for conversion between APR and Money Factor: APR% = MF × 2400, widely adopted by U.S. captive finance companies and dealers.

Tutti i calcoli si basano rigorosamente sulle formule e sui dati forniti da questa fonte.

The Formula Explained

Display formulas (LaTeX):

Adjusted Cap Cost:
\[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \]

Residual Value:
\[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \]

Monthly Depreciation Charge:
\[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \]

Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge:
\[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \]

Base Monthly (pre-tax):
\[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \]

Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]

Variables: P_sell (negotiated price), F_cap (capitalized fees), R_cap (cap reductions), r_res (residual %), n (term), MF (money factor), t (tax rate as decimal).

Glossary of Variables

MSRP — Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price (used for residual calculation).
Negotiated Price (Cap Cost) — The agreed selling price before reductions and fees.
Residual (%) — Residual percentage applied to MSRP to compute lease-end value.
Money Factor (MF) — Lease finance rate per month. APR% = MF × 2400.
Adjusted Cap Cost — Financed amount after adding capitalized fees and subtracting cap reductions.
Depreciation Charge — Portion paying the difference between adjusted cap cost and residual.
Finance (Rent) Charge — Interest-like charge based on adjusted cap cost and residual.
Sales Tax — Applied per state rules (monthly, upfront on total payments, or upfront on price).
Monthly Payment (with/without tax) — Customer payment each month.
Due at Signing — First payment, upfront taxes, upfront fees, plus down payment minus trade credit.
Total Lease Cost — All payments, taxes, and upfront amounts combined.
Effective Monthly — Total lease cost divided by term.

Worked Example

How It Works: A Step-by-Step Example

Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650

Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000

Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39

Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = $119.30

Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69

Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66

Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35

Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

Note: Actual taxes and fees depend on your state and contract. This example assumes monthly-taxed state and capitalized acquisition fee.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How do I convert APR to Money Factor?

Use MF = APR% ÷ 2400. Example: 4.8% APR → 0.0020 MF.

Is residual based on MSRP or negotiated price?

Typically on MSRP. Your contract specifies the residual value and basis.

What drives a lower monthly payment?

Higher residual, lower money factor, lower adjusted cap cost (via discounts or cap reductions), and longer term (though longer term may increase total cost).

Should I put money down on a lease?

Down payments lower monthly payments but don’t always reduce total cost proportionally. Consider risk (e.g., total loss) and whether the lender reimburses upfront payments.

Why doesn’t my dealer quote match exactly?

State-specific taxes, fees, residual granularity, official MF, and rounding policies can cause differences. Use the same inputs and method to align.

What is “acquisition fee” and can I finance it?

It’s the lessor’s administrative fee. You can usually capitalize it (finance) or pay it upfront.

Does mileage affect residual?

Yes. Higher mileage allowances often reduce the residual percentage, increasing payments.

Audit: Complete

Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units

This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[','\]

','

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]

C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]

V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]

D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]

F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]

M_{\text{base}} = D + F

Formula (extracted text)

Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]

Formula (extracted text)

Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the exact formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the exact formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the exact formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = $119.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

Variables and units

T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)

Sources (authoritative):

https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans

Changelog

Version: 0.1.0-draft
Last code update: 2026-01-19

0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19

Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.

Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19
Profile · LinkedIn

Auto Lease Calculator

Lease Inputs

MSRP

Negotiated Price (Cap Cost)

Term (months)

Residual Value (%)

Finance Input Choose APR or Money Factor

APR (%)

Money Factor

APR / MF Value

Down Payment (Cap Reduction)

Trade-in Credit

Acquisition Fee

Capitalize acquisition fee

Checked = financed into monthly payment; unchecked = paid upfront.

Other Financed Fees (capitalized)

Upfront Fees (paid at signing)

Sales Tax Rate

Tax Treatment

Tax each monthly payment

Tax upfront on total of payments

Tax vehicle price upfront

This selector exists because U.S. states apply lease sales tax differently.

Results

All values are estimates. Taxes and fees vary by jurisdiction and contract.

Monthly Payment (before tax) $0.00

Sales Tax (monthly) $0.00

Monthly Payment (with tax) $0.00

Due at Signing (est.) $0.00

Total of Monthly Payments $0.00

Total Lease Cost (all-in) $0.00

Depreciation Portion (total) $0.00

Finance Charge Portion (total) $0.00

Adjusted Cap Cost $0.00

Residual Value $0.00

Effective Monthly Cost $0.00

Data Source and Methodology

Supporting industry convention for conversion between APR and Money Factor: APR% = MF × 2400, widely adopted by U.S. captive finance companies and dealers.

Tutti i calcoli si basano rigorosamente sulle formule e sui dati forniti da questa fonte.

The Formula Explained

Display formulas (LaTeX):

Adjusted Cap Cost:
\[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \]

Residual Value:
\[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \]

Monthly Depreciation Charge:
\[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \]

Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge:
\[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \]

Base Monthly (pre-tax):
\[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \]

Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]

Variables: P_sell (negotiated price), F_cap (capitalized fees), R_cap (cap reductions), r_res (residual %), n (term), MF (money factor), t (tax rate as decimal).

Glossary of Variables

MSRP — Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price (used for residual calculation).
Negotiated Price (Cap Cost) — The agreed selling price before reductions and fees.
Residual (%) — Residual percentage applied to MSRP to compute lease-end value.
Money Factor (MF) — Lease finance rate per month. APR% = MF × 2400.
Adjusted Cap Cost — Financed amount after adding capitalized fees and subtracting cap reductions.
Depreciation Charge — Portion paying the difference between adjusted cap cost and residual.
Finance (Rent) Charge — Interest-like charge based on adjusted cap cost and residual.
Sales Tax — Applied per state rules (monthly, upfront on total payments, or upfront on price).
Monthly Payment (with/without tax) — Customer payment each month.
Due at Signing — First payment, upfront taxes, upfront fees, plus down payment minus trade credit.
Total Lease Cost — All payments, taxes, and upfront amounts combined.
Effective Monthly — Total lease cost divided by term.

Worked Example

How It Works: A Step-by-Step Example

Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650

Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000

Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39

Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = $119.30

Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69

Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66

Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35

Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

Note: Actual taxes and fees depend on your state and contract. This example assumes monthly-taxed state and capitalized acquisition fee.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How do I convert APR to Money Factor?

Use MF = APR% ÷ 2400. Example: 4.8% APR → 0.0020 MF.

Is residual based on MSRP or negotiated price?

Typically on MSRP. Your contract specifies the residual value and basis.

What drives a lower monthly payment?

Higher residual, lower money factor, lower adjusted cap cost (via discounts or cap reductions), and longer term (though longer term may increase total cost).

Should I put money down on a lease?

Down payments lower monthly payments but don’t always reduce total cost proportionally. Consider risk (e.g., total loss) and whether the lender reimburses upfront payments.

Why doesn’t my dealer quote match exactly?

State-specific taxes, fees, residual granularity, official MF, and rounding policies can cause differences. Use the same inputs and method to align.

What is “acquisition fee” and can I finance it?

It’s the lessor’s administrative fee. You can usually capitalize it (finance) or pay it upfront.

Does mileage affect residual?

Yes. Higher mileage allowances often reduce the residual percentage, increasing payments.

Audit: Complete

Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units

This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[','\]

','

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]

C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]

V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]

D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]

F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}

Formula (extracted LaTeX)

\[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]

M_{\text{base}} = D + F

Formula (extracted text)

Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]

Formula (extracted text)

Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  Audit: Complete

  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
      
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the exact formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the exact formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = 


  
    Formula (LaTeX) + variables + units
    
      This section shows the exact formulas used by the calculator engine, plus variable definitions and units.
    
    
      
  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[','\]
  ','


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)\]
  C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right)


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}\]
  V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}\]
  D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}\]
  F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF}


  Formula (extracted LaTeX)
  \[M_{\text{base}} = D + F\]
  M_{\text{base}} = D + F


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Display formulas (LaTeX): Adjusted Cap Cost: \[ C_{\text{adj}} = \max\left(0,\; (P_{\text{sell}} + F_{\text{cap}}) - R_{\text{cap}} \right) \] Residual Value: \[ V_{\text{res}} = \text{MSRP} \times \frac{r_{\text{res}}}{100} \] Monthly Depreciation Charge: \[ D = \frac{C_{\text{adj}} - V_{\text{res}}}{n} \] Monthly Finance (Rent) Charge: \[ F = (C_{\text{adj}} + V_{\text{res}}) \times \text{MF} \] Base Monthly (pre-tax): \[ M_{\text{base}} = D + F \] Sales Tax (by method): Monthly-taxed states: \[ T_{\text{mo}} = M_{\text{base}} \times t \] Upfront on total of payments: \[ T_{\text{up}} = (M_{\text{base}} \times n) \times t \] Upfront on vehicle price: \[ T_{\text{cap}} = P_{\text{sell}} \times t \] Monthly with tax (for monthly-taxed): \[ M_{\text{with}} = M_{\text{base}} + T_{\text{mo}} \]


  Formula (extracted text)
  \[\]
  Adjusted Cap Cost: C_adj = (37,000 + 650) − 2,000 = $35,650 Residual: V_res = 40,000 × 0.60 = $24,000 Depreciation: D = (35,650 − 24,000) / 36 = $326.39 Finance: F = (35,650 + 24,000) × 0.0020 = $119.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

      Variables and units
      
        T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)
      
    
  

  
    Sources (authoritative):
    
      https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans
    
  

  
    Changelog

    
      Version: 0.1.0-draft

      Last code update: 2026-01-19
    
    
  0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19
  
    Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.
  

  

  
    Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19

    Profile ·
    LinkedIn
  

19.30 Base Monthly: M_base = 326.39 + 119.30 = $445.69 Tax (monthly): T_mo = 445.69 × 0.08 = $35.66 Monthly with tax: M_with = $481.35 Due at signing (est.): first payment $481.35 + upfront taxes/fees $0 + down $2,000 − trade $0 = $2,481.35

Variables and units

T = property tax (annual or monthly depending on input) (currency)

Sources (authoritative):

https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/ — consumerfinance.gov · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/rules-policy/regulations/1013/
Finance — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/finance
Personal Loans — calcdomain.com · Accessed 2026-01-19
https://calcdomain.com/subcategories/finance-personal-loans

Changelog

Version: 0.1.0-draft
Last code update: 2026-01-19

0.1.0-draft · 2026-01-19

Initial audit spec draft generated from HTML extraction (review required).
Verify formulas match the calculator engine and convert any text-only formulas to LaTeX.
Confirm sources are authoritative and relevant to the calculator methodology.

Verified by Ugo Candido on 2026-01-19
Profile · LinkedIn

Auto Lease Calculator

Lease Inputs

Vehicle

Finance

Fees & Reductions

Taxes

Results

Data Source and Methodology

The Formula Explained

Glossary of Variables

Worked Example

How It Works: A Step-by-Step Example

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How do I convert APR to Money Factor?

Is residual based on MSRP or negotiated price?

What drives a lower monthly payment?

Should I put money down on a lease?

Why doesn’t my dealer quote match exactly?

What is “acquisition fee” and can I finance it?

Does mileage affect residual?

Auto Lease Calculator

Lease Inputs

Vehicle

Finance

Fees & Reductions

Taxes

Results

Data Source and Methodology

The Formula Explained

Glossary of Variables

Worked Example

How It Works: A Step-by-Step Example

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How do I convert APR to Money Factor?

Is residual based on MSRP or negotiated price?

What drives a lower monthly payment?

Should I put money down on a lease?

Why doesn’t my dealer quote match exactly?

What is “acquisition fee” and can I finance it?

Does mileage affect residual?

Auto Lease Calculator

Lease Inputs

Vehicle

Finance

Fees & Reductions

Taxes

Results

Data Source and Methodology

The Formula Explained

Glossary of Variables

Worked Example

How It Works: A Step-by-Step Example

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How do I convert APR to Money Factor?

Is residual based on MSRP or negotiated price?

What drives a lower monthly payment?

Should I put money down on a lease?

Why doesn’t my dealer quote match exactly?

What is “acquisition fee” and can I finance it?

Does mileage affect residual?