This calculator helps you determine the pH of a buffer solution using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. It is designed for chemistry students and professionals who need to solve buffer-related problems efficiently.
All calculations are based on the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation as detailed in authoritative chemistry resources. For more information, visit the MSD Manual.
\( \text{pH} = \text{pKa} + \log_{10} \left( \frac{[A^-]}{[HA]} \right) \)
For an acid with a pKa of 4.75, if the concentration of the base is 0.1 M and the acid is 0.01 M, the pH is calculated as follows:
\( \text{pH} = 4.75 + \log_{10} \left( \frac{0.1}{0.01} \right) = 5.75 \)
The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used to estimate the pH of a buffer solution using the pKa and the concentrations of an acid and its conjugate base.
A buffer solution is a system that maintains a relatively constant pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
pKa gives an indication of the strength of an acid; a lower pKa value indicates a stronger acid.
The pKa value can change with temperature, affecting the pH calculation.
This calculator works for monoprotic acids. For polyprotic acids, additional steps are required.